ALBERT EINSTEIN (1879 - 1955)
Once he climbed a ladder to change the picture on the wall. His foot slipped and he fell to the floor. Quickly recovering from the fall, he took out a paper and pen and began working to the causes of the fall. Like the fall of the apple in Newtons Garden, this incident led him to restructure the theory of gravitation. He was Albert Einstein.
Einstein was born at Ulm in Germany. He learnt piano from his mother. Right from his childhood he was interested in science. He was sharp in mathematics but a mediocre in other subjects. He completed his education in 1900 and became citizen of Switzerland where he had tried for admission in the Zurich University. He joined the Swiss Patent office as a clerk. He married science student Mileva Marec. In 1905 he got his doctorate degree from Zurich university. By that he had published five research papers which made him a famous scientist as he showed that when light falls on metals like tungsten etc., they emit electrons. These electrons he called photo electrons and the effect “ Photoelectric effect”. He was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize for his discovery of the law of Photo electric effect.
His major contribution was the special theory of relativity. He showed that the physical quantities like mass, length and time are not constant, but vary with the velocity of the body. He established the equivalence of matter and energy. The interconnection of mass and energy was embedied in the formula E=mc2 where E is energy, m is the mass and c, a constant equal to the velocity of light. The atomic bomb was the result of this equation. He also explained in one of his papers the way the force of gravity works.
In 1933, in Germany the dictatorship of Hitler was found intolerable. Einstein opposed it. The condition of Jews were miserable. Einstein went to America on an invitation to deliver a lecture. He didn’t come back to Germany as he was likely to be punished. He held a high post in Princeton university till 1945. There he worked on the development of Atom bomb. When he found the harmful and disastrous effect of the bomb on the two cities of Japan he became very sad and decided to advocate only the peaceful users of atomic energy. Einstein died on April 18, 1955. An element Einsteinium has been named after him. He is sometimes called the father of modern physics.
Einstein was born at Ulm in Germany. He learnt piano from his mother. Right from his childhood he was interested in science. He was sharp in mathematics but a mediocre in other subjects. He completed his education in 1900 and became citizen of Switzerland where he had tried for admission in the Zurich University. He joined the Swiss Patent office as a clerk. He married science student Mileva Marec. In 1905 he got his doctorate degree from Zurich university. By that he had published five research papers which made him a famous scientist as he showed that when light falls on metals like tungsten etc., they emit electrons. These electrons he called photo electrons and the effect “ Photoelectric effect”. He was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize for his discovery of the law of Photo electric effect.
His major contribution was the special theory of relativity. He showed that the physical quantities like mass, length and time are not constant, but vary with the velocity of the body. He established the equivalence of matter and energy. The interconnection of mass and energy was embedied in the formula E=mc2 where E is energy, m is the mass and c, a constant equal to the velocity of light. The atomic bomb was the result of this equation. He also explained in one of his papers the way the force of gravity works.
In 1933, in Germany the dictatorship of Hitler was found intolerable. Einstein opposed it. The condition of Jews were miserable. Einstein went to America on an invitation to deliver a lecture. He didn’t come back to Germany as he was likely to be punished. He held a high post in Princeton university till 1945. There he worked on the development of Atom bomb. When he found the harmful and disastrous effect of the bomb on the two cities of Japan he became very sad and decided to advocate only the peaceful users of atomic energy. Einstein died on April 18, 1955. An element Einsteinium has been named after him. He is sometimes called the father of modern physics.
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