GREGOR JOHANN MENDEL
(1822 - 1884)
Mendal was the father of modern genetics. He was an Austrian monk. He studied science at Vienna University. He taught natural sciences at the monastery school at Brunn (Bruno in Czech). It was a technical high school.
Mendal was fond of nature. He loved flora and fauna. He cross bred different varieties of Pea Plants and studied different characteristics like colour, height and seed shape. He observed that each characteristic was passed on to the next generation independently of the other characteristics and various characteristics in the parent plants recombined randomly in their off springs. He conducted breeding experiments for about nine years to explain the mechanism of inheritance. This led him to formulate his laws. According to him the individual characteristics are determined by inherited factors which are governed by two laws namely the Law of Seggregation and the Law of Independent Assortment.
Law of Seggregation says that each hereditary characteristic is controlled by two factors which separate and pass into separate reproductive cells. Their individualities are maintained.
Law of independent assortment states that pairs of factors separate independently of each other when reproductive cells are formed.
The factors regarded for the expression of special nature have been identified as genes. The genes are transferred from the parents to their children during reproduction. There may be few exceptions. That is they differ in some respect or the other which is called variation. Both the genetics and variation are the basis for the evolution of the species.
Mendel presented his work at the meeting of Brunn Natural Science Society in 1865. But this was not much attended at that time. However his work was rediscovered in 1901. Mendel spent his last few years of his life experimenting with bees. He had the Apiary surrounding the monastery. He died in the year 1884.
Mendal was the father of modern genetics. He was an Austrian monk. He studied science at Vienna University. He taught natural sciences at the monastery school at Brunn (Bruno in Czech). It was a technical high school.
Mendal was fond of nature. He loved flora and fauna. He cross bred different varieties of Pea Plants and studied different characteristics like colour, height and seed shape. He observed that each characteristic was passed on to the next generation independently of the other characteristics and various characteristics in the parent plants recombined randomly in their off springs. He conducted breeding experiments for about nine years to explain the mechanism of inheritance. This led him to formulate his laws. According to him the individual characteristics are determined by inherited factors which are governed by two laws namely the Law of Seggregation and the Law of Independent Assortment.
Law of Seggregation says that each hereditary characteristic is controlled by two factors which separate and pass into separate reproductive cells. Their individualities are maintained.
Law of independent assortment states that pairs of factors separate independently of each other when reproductive cells are formed.
The factors regarded for the expression of special nature have been identified as genes. The genes are transferred from the parents to their children during reproduction. There may be few exceptions. That is they differ in some respect or the other which is called variation. Both the genetics and variation are the basis for the evolution of the species.
Mendel presented his work at the meeting of Brunn Natural Science Society in 1865. But this was not much attended at that time. However his work was rediscovered in 1901. Mendel spent his last few years of his life experimenting with bees. He had the Apiary surrounding the monastery. He died in the year 1884.
0 comments:
Post a Comment