LUDWIG BOLTZMAN
( 1844 - 1906 )
The Austrian physicist Ludwig Boltzmann (1844-1906) had analyzed the behavior of gases on the assumption that they were an assemblage of a vast number of randomly moving particles (the kinetic theory of gases). They were able to derive Boyle's law on this basis, provided they made two further assumptions;
that there were no attractive forces between gas molecules.
that the gas molecules were of zero size.
Gases that fulfill these assumptions are perfect gases.
Neither assumption is quite correct. There are small attractions between gas molecules, and though these molecules are exceedingly small, their size is not zero. No actual gas is quite "perfect", therefore, although hydrogen and the later-discovered helium come close.
that there were no attractive forces between gas molecules.
that the gas molecules were of zero size.
Gases that fulfill these assumptions are perfect gases.
Neither assumption is quite correct. There are small attractions between gas molecules, and though these molecules are exceedingly small, their size is not zero. No actual gas is quite "perfect", therefore, although hydrogen and the later-discovered helium come close.
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